I. INTRODUCTION The Sherman Act (1...

I. INTRODUCTION

The Sherman Act (1) ("Act"), the primary federal antitrust provision, aims to aid and protect competition (2) by means of subjecting to criminal sanctions any somebody "who shall make any contract or engage in any combination or conspiracy" in unreasonable restraint of interstate traffic (3) Despite the expansive language of the legislation, courts have held consistently that Congres intended [section] 1 of the Act "to prohibit single unreasonable restraints of trade." (4) Although the Act does not distinguish between criminal (5) and civil offense (6) the highest Court has held that, with the exception of "per se" violations, intent must