The U recommendation for daily calc...

The U recommendation for daily calcium intake is 800 to 1300 mg moreover it is unclear whether dietary calcium helps interrupt osteoporosis. Fracture rates in the United States are high in spite of high dairy consumption. Although dietary protein supports bone bourgeoning it also is associated with calcium los because 6 mg of calcium are required to shoot the urinary loss of calcium that appears with 1 g of protein intake. These and other factors (eg material part weight, pubertal status, exercise) ne to be accounted for in studies that evaluate the issue of calcium on bone integrity. Lanou and colleagues convoyed a review of the issue of dairy product consumption and calcium supplementation forward bone integrity in children, adolescents, and young adults (ages undivided to 25 years).

The authors performed a MEDLINE search of studies controlling for factors that might influence bone integrity and health. They erect 17 cross-sectional studies that met the inclusion criteria. Four of these studies included information in succession dairy or milk consumption; the stay reported on total calcium intake. Of the four studies reporting onward dairy product consumption, three showed no relationship between dairy result consumption and bone mineral density (BMD) In the application of mind that did show a correlation, milk and vitamin D were significant predictors of BMD on the contrary there was no correlation between total calcium intake and BMD Of the remaining 13 cross-sectional studies, nine showed no relationship between calcium intake and bone health. material substance weight, physical activity, pubertal or menarchal status, height, and age were the main predictors of BMD in these studies.

Seven retrospective studies were included in the review. Milk consumption had no impact onward fracture risk, bone mineral make easy or BMD in these studies. Total calcium consumption lowered fracture risk in individual study; in another study, calcium consumption was associated with BMD in a midpuberty form into groups but not in a pre- or postpuberty collection Lower bone mineral content also was establish in children who had consum a macrobiotic diet compared with those who had not consum a macrobiotic diet in the first six years of life.

Of the 10 prospective studies included in the review, undivided estimated the specific effects of dairy effects on bone mass and density. In this subject of attention there was no significant correlation between dairy calcium intake and BMD Of the nine studies measuring total calcium intake, united study showed a positive correlation between cumulative calcium intake from birth to five years of age, unless current calcium intake was not associated with BMD

Of the 12 randomized controll trials (RCTs) included in the review, individual measured vitamin D intake and lay the foundation of increases in lumbar spine and total bone mineral satisfy in girls who increased their dairy issue consumption over one year, nevertheless the study found no difference in average BMD In another RCT BMD was slightly greater in the cluster treated with one pint of milk for day. In 10 RCTs assessing calcium supplementation, nine showed a 1 to 6 percent increase in BMD or bone mineral satisfaction at one or more bone sites.

The authors state that there is no evidence to support the idea that milk is the preferr source of calcium. A positive correlation between dairy crops consumption and bone health was rest in three of 11 trials. A positive correlation between calcium intake and bone health was plant in seven of 26 studies. A total of nine trials showed a positive correlation with calcium intake, although the correlations were small and appear to beed to be transient. Physical activity appeared to have the greatest impact in succession bone health in these studies.

CAROLINE WELLBERY, MD

Lanou AJ, et al. Calcium, dairy issues and bone health in children and young adults: a reevaluation of the evidence. Pediatrics March 2005;115:736-43

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