individual of the leading causes of...

individual of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide is lower respiratory tract infection. Influenza is responsible for many hospitalizations in infants, and preschool and school-age children have the highest attack rates for influenza. During the 2000-2001 influenza epidemic, school-age children missed 63 days of academy per 100 children, and, because of secondary infections, parents missed 20 days of work for 100 children. A live-attenuated, cold-adapted, trivalent inf luenza virus vaccine delivered according to the intranasal route was approved lately for use in healthy children and adults five by the and of 49 years of age. Studies have shown this vaccine to be effective in preventing a significant number of infections from certain influenza A and B viruses. However, during a new influenza epidemic, a resurgence of influenza A (H1N1) occurr This strain had not been prevalent since the 1995-1996 influenza season, and the intranasal vaccine had not been criterioned against this strain. Gaglani and associates evaluated the efficacy of the intranasal influenza vaccine against the novel variants of influenza A and B in healthy children.

The community-based, nonrandomized, open-label consideration lasted from August 1998 between the sides of April 2001. Investigators assessed the intranasal inf luenza vaccine against certain influenza strains in healthy children 15 to 18 years of age. The investigation population included children from several communities who received the vaccine and children from several other communities who serv as the repress group.

Exclusion criteria for the application of mind were underlying medical illnesses that would require administration of the standard influenza vaccine and asthma that required the use of routine medications. If children had been febrile within the previous 48 hours or had significant nasal discharge, administration of the intranasal vaccine was delayed. Included in the data analysis were children who received at least individual dose of intranasal influenza vaccine during the studious mood period. The main outcome measure was the incidence of medically attended acute upper respiratory illnesses during the 2000-2001 influenza epidemic. The intervention and mastery groups were compared.

During the three-year meditation period, 9,765 children received at least single dose of intranasal influenza vaccine. The intervention cluster was similar to the bridle group, except that blacks were underrepresent in the inquiry population compared with the general population in these communities. During the 2000 influenza epidemic, those who received the intranasal influenza vaccine had significant direct protection against influenza A and B viruses and against the influenza A (H1N1) virus during that period compared with the have the direction of group. Children who received the intranasal influenza vaccine in 1999 had protection against the different strains that were at hand during the 2000 epidemic period. There were 616 children who received merely one dose of the intranasal vaccine in 1999 who still had persistent protection against the influenza A (H1N1) strain during the 2000-2001 influenza season.

The authors decide that healthy children who received the intranasal influenza vaccine were covered from the new variants of influenza A and B during the 2000-2001 influenza epidemic. They add that this protection was not past nor future even in children who received alone one vaccine and then went between the walls of two different influenza seasons.

Gaglani MJ et al. Direct and total effectiveness of the intranasal, live-attenuated, trivalent cold-adapted influenza virus vaccine against the 2000-2001 influenza A (H1N1) and B epidemic in healthy children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc M January 2004;158:65-73

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